Agricultural Research and Development (R&D).

Agricultural research and development (R&D) have played a pivotal role in transforming global food systems and enhancing food security. Over the past century, significant investments in agricultural R&D have led to remarkable advancements in crop yields, pest resistance, and resource efficiency. These innovations have not only reduced food prices but also minimized the environmental impact of farming by decreasing the carbon footprint and land use associated with agricultural production12. The integration of modern technologies, such as biotechnology and precision farming, has further accelerated productivity, enabling farmers to produce more with fewer resources